Target and amplify

Antiviral antibodies target adenovirus to phagolysosomes and amplify the innate immune response.

Adenovirus is a nonenveloped dsDNA virus that activates intracellular innate immune pathways. In vivo, adenovirus-immunized mice displayed an enhanced innate immune response and diminished virus-mediated gene delivery following challenge with the adenovirus vector AdLacZ suggesting that antiviral Abs modulate viral interactions with innate immune cells. Under naive serum conditions in vitro, ad...

Amplify, Amplify: Shotgun Proteomics Boosts the Signal for Biomarker Discovery

Neutrophils amplify the formation of DNA adducts by benzo[a]pyrene in lung target cells.

Inflammatory cells and their reactive oxygen metabolites can cause mutagenic effects in lung cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of activated neutrophils to modulate DNA binding of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a known carcinogen, in lung target cells. Equivalent numbers of rat lung epithelial cells (RLE-6TN cell line) and freshly isolated human blood neutrophils (PMN) wer...

Opportunistic nonorthogonal amplify-and-forward cooperative communications

Introduction: Cooperative communications [1] create diversity gains for network users with a single antenna. The classical cooperative scheme consists of two orthogonal time slots (TS): a broadcasting TS for a source (S) to transmit its signal to the intended destination (D), and a relaying TS for a relay (R) to retransmit S’s signal to D. There are amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forwa...

Adaptive Amplify-and-Forward (AF) Cooperation

We propose an Adaptive AF protocol based on a new selection criterion, a function of the instantaneous capacities of all possible transmission schemes. Both outage probability and simulation results show that the Adaptive AF has better performance than the best known AF protocol (NAF) and solves the problem of the bad performance at low SNR.